Transmission ntauwd,tseem hu ua kis kab ntauwd, yog cov qauv peb-seem siv los txhawb cov kab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv rau high-voltage lossis ultra-high-voltage fais fab kis. Los ntawm cov qauv kev pom, cov kav hlau txais xov feem ntau muab faib uakaum steel towers, steel tub yeesthiab nqaim-base steel tube yees. Lub kaum sab xis steel ntauwd feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, thaum steel ncej thiab nqaim lub hauv paus steel tube yees yog tsim nyog rau cov nroog loj vim lawv cov hneev taw me. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa cov yees yog los txhawb thiab tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob thiab ua kom lub zog ruaj khov ntawm lub zog. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav thiab nruj ntawm cov kab sib kis thiab cuam tshuam cov rog no mus rau lub hauv paus thiab hauv av, yog li ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov kab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv ruaj ntseg cov kab sib kis mus rau cov yees, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam los yog tawg vim cua los yog tib neeg cuam tshuam. Cov kav hlau txais xov kuj tseem ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv insulating los xyuas kom cov rwb thaiv tsev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab sib txuas, tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov siab thiab cov qauv ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov tuaj yeem tiv taus cov teeb meem tsis zoo xws li kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim, ntxiv kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov kab sib kis.

Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj,kis tau tus yeesmuaj peev xwm muab faib ua kis tau tus yees thiab faib yees. Cov kav xa hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv rau cov kab hluav taws xob sib kis tau zoo los thauj cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob mus rau cov chaw ua haujlwm substations, thaum cov pej thuam faib khoom siv rau cov kab nruab nrab thiab cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg los faib hluav taws xob los ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb mus rau ntau tus neeg siv. Raws li qhov siab ntawm tus pej thuam, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov pej thuam tsawg-voltage, high-voltage ntauwd thiab ultra-high voltage ntauwd. Tsawg-voltage yees yog tsuas yog siv rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg, nrog ntauwd qhov siab feem ntau qis dua 10 meters; high-voltage towers yog siv rau high-voltage kis kab, nrog rau qhov siab feem ntau tshaj 30 meters; UHV yees siv rau ultra-high voltage kis kab, nrog qhov siab feem ntau tshaj 50 meters. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov duab ntawm tus pej thuam, cov pej thuam sib kis tau muab faib ua lub kaum sab xis steel yees, steel tube yees thiab cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.Lub kaum sab xis steelthiab steel tube yees yog tsuas yog siv rau high-voltage kis tau tus mob kab, thaum reinforced pob zeb yees yog tsuas yog siv rau nruab nrab- thiab tsawg-voltage tis kab.

Nrog rau kev tshawb pom thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, los ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 txog rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, hluav taws xob tau pib siv dav siv rau kev teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub zog, yog li tsim kom muaj kev xav tau ntawm cov kav hlau txuas. Ntauwd ntawm lub sijhawm no yog cov qauv yooj yim, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntoo thiab hlau, thiab tau siv los txhawb cov kab hluav taws xob thaum ntxov. Nyob rau xyoo 1920, nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub zog xa hluav taws xob, ntau cov qauv ntauwd tau tshwm sim, xws li lub kaum sab xis steel truss towers. Cov yees tau pib txais cov qauv tsim qauv kom haum raws li qhov sib txawv thiab cov xwm txheej huab cua. Tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, kev lag luam ntauwd kis tau tus mob ntxiv los ntawm qhov xav tau los tsim kho cov kev puas tsuaj thiab kev xav tau hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntauwd tsim thiab tsim cov tswv yim txhim kho, nrog cov hlau muaj zog dua thiab cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv corrosion ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam kev sib kis ntauwd tau nce ntxiv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov sib txawv voltage theem thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig.

Nyob rau xyoo 1980, nrog rau kev tsim kho tshuab computer, kev tsim thiab kev tsom xam ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob tau pib ua digitalized, txhim kho kev tsim qauv thiab raug. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm globalization, kev lag luam ntauwd kis tau tus mob kuj tau pib mus rau thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam, thiab kev lag luam ntau lub teb chaws thiab cov phiaj xwm kev koom tes muaj ntau. Nkag mus rau lub xyoo pua 21st, kev lag luam ntauwd txuas ntxiv mus ntsib cov teeb meem thiab cov hauv kev hauv kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab xws li aluminium alloys thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, nrog rau kev siv cov drones thiab cov kev soj ntsuam ntse, tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib kis ntauwd. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li kev paub txog ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv, kev lag luam tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig tsim thiab tsim cov txheej txheem, xws li siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm ib puag ncig ntuj.

Upstream industries ntawmkis tau tus yeesFeem ntau suav nrog kev tsim steel, tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab kev tsim khoom siv tshuab. Kev lag luam hlau tsim muaj ntau yam khoom siv hlau uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev sib kis ntauwd, suav nrog lub kaum sab xis steel, steel kav, thiab rebar; cov khoom siv hauv tsev tsim kev lag luam khoom siv pob zeb, cement thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv; thiab cov tshuab tsim kev lag luam muab ntau yam khoom siv thiab tu cov cuab yeej. Cov qib kev txawj ntse thiab cov khoom zoo ntawm cov kev lag luam saum toj no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab lub neej ntawm cov kav xa hluav taws xob.

Los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm kev siv downstream,kis tau tus yeesyog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm lub hwj chim kis tau tus mob thiab tis. Raws li kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab xws li hnub ci, cua, thiab cov hluav taws xob me me txuas ntxiv, yog li qhov kev thov rau microgrids, ntxiv rau kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam kev sib kis. Cov qauv no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev lag luam ntauwd kis. Raws li kev txheeb cais, los ntawm 2022, kev lag luam tus nqi ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam yuav ncav cuag kwv yees li US $ 28.19 billion, nce 6.4% ntawm xyoo dhau los. Tuam Tshoj tau ua tiav tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm ntse thiab kev siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob ultra-high voltage kis tau tus mob, uas tsis tau tsuas yog tsav kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam kev lag luam nthuav dav hauv cheeb tsam Asia-Pacific tag nrho. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, thaj av Asia-Pacific tau dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb cov neeg siv khoom lag luam loj tshaj plaws rau kev xa xov hluav taws xob, suav txog ze li ib nrab ntawm kev ua lag luam, kwv yees li 47.2%. Ua raws li European thiab North American kev lag luam, suav txog 15.1% thiab 20.3% feem.

Saib rau yav tom ntej, nrog kev nqis peev tsis tu ncua hauv kev hloov kho hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov kho tshiab, thiab kev thov kom ruaj khov thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam ntauwd yuav tsum tswj hwm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Cov xwm txheej no qhia tau hais tias kev lag luam ntauwd kis tau muaj lub neej yav tom ntej thiab yuav muaj kev vam meej thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv xyoo 2022, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam ntauwd kev lag luam yuav ua tiav kev loj hlob tseem ceeb, nrog rau tag nrho cov lag luam tus nqi kwv yees li 59.52 billion yuan, nce 8.6% xyoo dhau los. Qhov kev thov sab hauv ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam ntauwd kis tau tus mob feem ntau muaj ob ntu: kev tsim kho cov kab tshiab thiab kev saib xyuas thiab txhim kho cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm. Tam sim no, kev ua lag luam hauv tsev yog dominated los ntawm kev thov rau kev tsim kho kab tshiab; Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov hnub nyoog kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab kev xav tau kev hloov kho tshiab nce ntxiv, kev ua lag luam feem ntau ntawm cov qub pej thuam tu thiab hloov pauv tau maj mam nce. Cov ntaub ntawv xyoo 2022 qhia tias kev lag luam sib koom ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab hloov cov kev pabcuam hauv kuv lub tebchaws kev lag luam kis tau tus mob tau mus txog 23.2%. Cov qauv no qhia txog qhov xav tau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob. Nrog rau tsoomfwv Suav lub tswv yim txhawb nqa kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog thiab kev tsim kho vaj huam sib luag ntse, kev lag luam kis tau tus mob yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ruaj khov nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no.